Some believers vehemently bar unbelievers from the Lord’s Supper. That, however, isn’t “the unworthy way” Paul discusses here.
So then, whoever eats the bread or drinks the cup of the Lord in an unworthy manner will be guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord (1 Corinthians 11:27).
Paul now applies to the Corinthians what he’s just said concerning the words Jesus spoke about the Lord’s Supper.
Bottom line warning: they’re eating and drinking “in an unworthy manner”–the manner he’d described a few sentences earlier . . .
So then, when you come together, it is not the Lord’s Supper you eat, for when you are eating, some of you go ahead with your own private suppers. As a result, one person remains hungry and another gets drunk. Don’t you have homes to eat and drink in? Or do you despise the church of God by humiliating those who have nothing? What shall I say to you? Shall I praise you? Certainly not in this matter (1 Corinthians 11:20-22).
That’s unworthy behavior at the Table where the Lord’s death is proclaimed–the death that brought salvation, the death that united them as the New Covenant people of God.
Thus, they are “guilty of sinning against the body and blood of the Lord.” They’re desecrating the Supper. They’re as guilty as those who had him killed.
Sound harsh? That’s how sacred the Supper is. Therefore, Paul urges . . .
Everyone ought to examine themselves before they eat of the bread and drink from the cup (1 Corinthians 11:28).
Paul begins this sentence with “But” (Greek, de), which the NIV doesn’t translate. In contrast to eating and drinking unworthily everyone ought to examine themselves . . . “
“Examine” is the Greek dokimazo—“to try to learn the genuineness of something by examination and testing” (The Greek-English Lexicon by Louw and Nida). Paul admonishes each one to determine the genuineness of his/her faith by examining his/her attitude and behavior toward others at the Supper. Paul aims this especially at the wealthy who are humiliating the poor.
For those who eat and drink without discerning the body of Christ eat and drink judgment on themselves. That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you have fallen asleep (1 Corinthians11:29,30).
“For” indicates the reason for self-examination: judgment! “ . . . the body of Christ” refers not to Christ’s physical body, but the church.” But what does he mean by “discerning (or, recognizing) the body of Christ”? Dr. Gordon Fee answers . . .
The meaning here . . . [is] to distinguish as distinct and different. The Lord’s Supper is not just any meal; it is the meal, in which at a common table with one loaf and a common cup they proclaimed that through the death of Christ, they were one body, the body of Christ; and therefore they are not just any group of sociologically diverse people who could keep those differences intact at the this table. Here they must “discern/recognize as distinct” the one body of Christ, of which they all are parts and in which they all are gifts to one another (The First Epistle to the Corinthians, p. 564).
Failure to recognize the body this way and they “eat and drink [God’s] judgment on themselves. That is why many among you are weak and sick, and a number of you have fallen asleep.” This judgment takes the form of physical weakness and sickness and even death (“fallen asleep”).
But if we were more discerning with regard to ourselves, we would not come under such judgment. Nevertheless, when we are judged in this way by the Lord, we are being disciplined so that we will not be finally condemned with the world (1 Corinthians 11:31,32).
Paul turns to a positive note. If they were more discerning (11:29), they would not be judged as they are (11:30). This judgment, however, is not eternal damnation, but discipline (Greek, paiduometha—correction, guidance as moral discipline).
God disciplines (with weakness, sickness, even death) for a purpose: so that we will not be condemned with the world at final judgment.
So then, my brothers and sisters, when you gather to eat, you should all eat together. Anyone who is hungry should eat something at home, so that when you meet together it may not result in judgment. And when I come I will give further directions (1 Corinthians 11:33,34).
Paul offers two practical instructions. “ . . . you should all eat together” (NIV) is better translated “wait for one another” or “welcome one another”. In either case, Paul urges them (the rich in particular) to be hospitable to the poor by not feasting on their lavish meals before the poor even arrive.
Second instruction, “Anyone hungry should eat something at home . . . “ In other words, if you must gorge yourself on your rich food, eat it first at home “so that when you meet together it may not result in {God’s) judgment.”
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Unlike the Corinthians, we don’t humiliate the poor at the Lord’s Supper. Our problem (at least one): we so personalize the “meal” that we hardly think of it as a community experience at all.
Yes we know we’re all being served and all eat and drink together. But our methodology makes the Lord’s Supper rather like a group going to a Sonic Drive-In. We all drive in, order our food through the parking space intercom, our food is brought out, and we each eat in the privacy of our car. Okay, that’s a stretch. But it makes a point: our celebration of the Lord’s Supper is far more personal than inter-relational.
In one church I pastored, we tried something different. Small groups met in various homes on a weeknight. Once a month each group’s members brought a covered dish. We climaxed the meal with the Lord’s Supper. That setting maximized the meal’s community nature. Not every church can or will do that. But this text should challenge us to ask, “How can we decrease the privatizing of the Lord’s Supper and increase the community of it?”
Two other considerations. At the start of the Supper the pastor urges reconciliation for any broken relationship. Meal participants forgive a brother in personal prayer, then go to the brother afterward to affirm unity.
A second: ask the Lord whom you should reach out to during the Supper. Then, quietly go sit next to that person, whispering, “I just want you to know I appreciate you” or “I felt led to share Communion with you.” (If that person is different from you racially or economically, the more meaningful will be your reaching out. For only here is our hope for the unity of a violently divided humanity!)
Certainly the Lord’s Supper provides opportunity to reflect on the Lord’s death for us personally. Apart from his bloody sacrifice, we’re lost, condemned sinners. But the Supper is a meal at which we must affirm, not only out faith-unity with Christ, but our love-unity with one another.
“Because there is one bread, who are many are one body, for we all partake of the one bread” (1 Corinthians 10:17).
So glad you’re back up and running! We’ve missed your wisdom in our mailboxes these past few months. Good ideas on the communial, familial importance of the Lord’s Supper.